najbardziej-odległe: Kīlauea

Evidence: 76 • authority: 72

The 2018 lower Puna eruption was a volcanic event on the island of Hawaiʻi, on Kīlauea volcano's East Rift Zone that began on May 3, 2018. It is related to the larger eruption of Kīlauea that began on January 3, 1983, though some volcanologists and USGS scientists have discussed whether to classify it as a new eruption. Outbreaks of lava fountains up to 300 feet (90 m) high, lava flows, and volcanic gas in the Leilani Estates subdivision were preceded by earthquakes and ground deformation that created cracks in the roads. On May 4, a 6.9 magnitude earthquake hit Puna. By May 27, 2018, 24 fissures had erupted lava in and near the Leilani Estates and Lanipuna Gardens subdivisions. The eruptio…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 72

Kīlauea (US: KIL-ə-WAY-ə, Hawaiian: [kiːlɐwˈwɛjə]) is an active shield volcano in the Hawaiian Islands, located along the southeastern shore of Hawaii Island. The volcano is between 210,000 and 280,000 years old and grew above sea level about 100,000 years ago. Since the islands were settled, it has been the most active of the five volcanoes that together form the island and among the most active volcanoes on Earth. The most recent eruption of Kīlauea began in December 2024 inside Halemaʻumaʻu, a pit crater located within Kīlauea's summit caldera, with episodic lava fountains and flows currently continuing inside the crater into late 2026. Kīlauea is the second-youngest product of the Hawai…

Evidence: 58 • authority: 92

High ³He/⁴He ratios in lower East Rift Zone steaming vents precede a new phase of Kilauea 2018 eruption by 8 months.. On May 1, 2018, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake heralded the collapse of the Pu'u O'o Vent on the middle East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kilauea Volcano, active since 1983. Increased seismicity was recorded on the middle to lower ERZ from April 30 until May 2, 2018. The active lava lakes within both Pu'u O'o Vent and Halema'uma'u Crater began to drain and the summit caldera began to deflate, with the summit collapse ending on August 2, 2018 and lower ERZ eruptive lava activity ending by 4 September 2018. Herein we report on elevated 3 He/ 4 He ratios in steaming ven…

Evidence: 49 • authority: 72

Puna is one of the 9 districts of Hawaii County on the Island of Hawaiʻi (Big Island; County of Hawaiʻi). It is located on the windward side (east side) of the island and shares borders with South Hilo district in the north and Kaʻū district in the west. With a size of just under 320,000 acres (1,300 km2) or 500 sq. miles, Puna is slightly smaller than the island of Kauaʻi. Puna cropland supports floriculture, nurseries and macadamia nuts. Most of the state’s papaya crops are grown in the lower Puna area which is regarded as the best place in the Islands to grow the crop. The Puna District is subject to frequent lava eruptions and flows, which include the complete destruction of the communi…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 88

Mineralogical insights into the 2018 Puna eruption at Kilauea volcano: magma origins and mixing timescales. After 35 years of fairly steady lava effusion from the Pu’u ‘O’o vent along Kilauea’s mid portion of the East Rift Zone, a drastic change in the volcano’s behavior was initiated in May 2018. A series of new fissures opened between May 3rd and May 9th along the eastern end of the subaerial ERZ ( >40 km from the summit caldera), feeding a few short lived, relatively small volume flows. The products from the early phase of the eruption were dominated by plagioclase and clinopyroxene phenocrysts, gabbroic glomerocrysts and other crystal clots likely picked up prior to eruption. The initia…

Evidence: 31 • authority: 92

Paroxysmal eruptions tracked by variations of helium isotopes: inferences from Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion island).. Helium (He) with its isotopes ( 3 He, 4 He) is a key tracer enabling the Earth's mantle and dynamics to be characterized. Enrichment in primordial helium ( 3 He) has been detected in volcanic gases of numerous magmatic systems in different geodynamic settings. Despite past use to monitor volcano-tectonic unrest, temporal 3 He/ 4 He variability in volcanic emissions is still poorly constrained. Here, we investigate noble gas chemistry of Piton de la Fournaise hotspot volcano, where temporal fluctuations of 3 He/ 4 He in response to the eruptive activity have never been s…

Evidence: 25 • authority: 92

First 3D imaging characterization of Pele's hair from Kilauea volcano (Hawaii).. In this work the morphologic features of Pele's hair formed during three different eruptions of Kilauea volcano have been investigated: fountaining from Kilauea Iki's 1959 Episode 1, weak explosive activity from Halemaumau lava lake and littoral explosions at Waikupanaha (2009). Morphological studies were performed by optical, stereo- and scanning electron microscopy. For the first time 3D image analysis was carried out by synchrotron radiation X-ray computed microtomography, which allowed a high-resolution 3D reconstruction of the internal structure of each Pele's hair, highlighting several differences in term…

Evidence: 22 • authority: 80

Archaeology in the Kilauea East Rift Zone Part II: A Preliminary Sample Survey, Kapoho, Kama 'ili & Kilauea Geothermal Subzones, Puna District, Hawaii Island (DRAFT)

Evidence: 22 • authority: 80

Archaeological Inventory Research Design, Kapoho, Kama 'ili & Kilauea Geothermal Resource Subzones, Puna District, Hawaii Island (DRAFT)

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV) is a geothermal energy power plant on the island of Hawaii, the largest island in the state of Hawaii. PGV is the first and only commercial geothermal power plant in Hawaii. Constructed on a site adjacent to failed experimental wells drilled and operated by the Hawaii Geothermal Project in the 1970s and 80s, construction on the generating facility began in 1989 and was completed in 1993. The plant was shut down shortly after the start of the May 2018 lower Puna eruption, and resumed power generation in November 2020. The plant had a generating capacity of 25 MW when it opened in 1993, increasing to 38 MW by 2012, from six production wells and five injection…