infrastruktura: ThinkPad

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

ThinkPad is a line of business-oriented laptop and tablet computers produced since 1992. It was originally designed, created and manufactured by the American International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation. IBM sold its PC business to the Chinese company Lenovo in 2005; since 2007, all ThinkPad models have been manufactured by Lenovo. The ThinkPad line was first developed at the IBM Yamato Facility in Japan; they have a distinct black, boxy design, which originated in 1990 and is still used in some models. Most models also feature a red-colored trackpoint on the keyboard, which has become an iconic and distinctive design characteristic associated with the ThinkPad line. It has seen signif…

Evidence: 72 • authority: 72

Several instruments have been used to write in outer space, including different types of pencils and pens. Some of them have been unmodified versions of conventional writing instruments; others have been invented specifically to counter the problems with writing in space conditions. A common misconception states that, faced with the fact that ball-point pens would not write in zero-gravity, the Fisher Space Pen was devised as the result of millions of dollars of unnecessary spending on NASA's part when the Soviet Union took the simpler and cheaper route of just using pencils, making the pen an example of overengineering. In reality, the space pen was independently developed by Paul C. Fishe…

Evidence: 66 • authority: 88

International Legal Regulation of Activities for the Safe Use of Outer Space. [Purpose] It is impossible to imagine the life of a modern person without space technologies. International crews of astronauts have been working in orbit as part of the International Space Station for the past fifteen years. The purpose of the study is to assess the problems of legal regulation of activities related to the use of space communications. [Methodology] According to the specifics of the subject and the purpose of the research, we applied dialectical, historical, comparative and system-structural methods. [Findings] The international legal instruments of general statutory load on outer space subjects a…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 88

International Law and the Exploration and Use of Outer Space. The 1957 launch of Sputnik I challenged humankind’s perceptions of what was possible in space, and necessitated the development of a legal framework for the exploration and use of outer space. However, these rules emerged at a time when the development of space-related technology was principally directed towards military objectives. As the possibility of a military confrontation in space increases, uncertainty coalesces with other risks, particularly with respect to the dangers posed by space debris, revealing lacunae in the law, the further evolution of which has largely stalled due to geopolitical factors. Emerging ‘soft’ law p…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 80

Part V Military Use of Outer Space, 20 The Military Use of Outer Space and International Law

Evidence: 47 • authority: 72

A laptop is a portable personal computer (PC). Laptops typically have a clamshell form factor with a flat-panel screen on the inside of the upper lid and an alphanumeric keyboard and pointing device on the inside of the lower lid. Most of the computer's internal hardware is in the lower part, under the keyboard, although many modern laptops have a built-in webcam at the top of the screen, and some feature touchscreen displays. In most cases, unlike tablet computers which run on mobile operating systems, laptops tend to run on desktop operating systems, which were originally developed for desktop computers. Laptops are used in a variety of settings, such as at work (especially on business tr…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 80

Part V Military Use of Outer Space, 19 Definitional Issues in Space Law: the 'Peaceful Use' of Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies

Evidence: 38 • authority: 92

The COVID-19 Pandemic Response: Biosafety Perspectives from a Large Research and Teaching Institution.. Introduction Although the COVID-19 pandemic began over 2 years ago, responses from institutions have not been thoroughly documented. Because of constantly evolving guidance from regulatory and public health agencies, the traditional evidence-based risk assessment process was disrupted. It took time to obtain enough actionable information about the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus and its transmission to be able to inform decision making and consistently make accurate recommendations. Objectives The primary objective of this article is to detail the actions in chronological order taken by the biosaf…

Evidence: 38 • authority: 92

Simultaneous measurements of three-dimensional trajectories and wingbeat frequencies of birds in the field.. Tracking the movements of birds in three dimensions is integral to a wide range of problems in animal ecology, behaviour and cognition. Multi-camera stereo-imaging has been used to track the three-dimensional (3D) motion of birds in dense flocks, but precise localization of birds remains a challenge due to imaging resolution in the depth direction and optical occlusion. This paper introduces a portable stereo-imaging system with improved accuracy and a simple stereo-matching algorithm that can resolve optical occlusion. This system allows us to decouple body and wing motion, and thus…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO). It is the product of the International Space Station program and is operated by five partner space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), ESA (Europe), JAXA (Japan), and CSA (Canada). It is the first space station built, maintained and crewed through international cooperation and the largest human spacecraft ever constructed. It is an orbital research station, where scientific experiments in microgravity are conducted and the space environment is studied. Since 2 November 2000, it has hosted the longest continuous human presence in space. Alongside China's Tiangong, it is one of two currently ope…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The ThinkPad W-series laptops were introduced by Lenovo as workstation-class laptops with their own letter designation, a descendant of prior ThinkPad T series models suffixed with 'p'. The W series laptops were launched in 2008, at the same time as Intel Centrino 2, marking an overhaul of Lenovo's product lineup. The first two W series laptops introduced were the W500 and the W700. The W series laptops from Lenovo were described by the manufacturer as being "mobile workstations", and suit that description by being physically on the larger side of the laptop spectrum, with screens ranging from 15.6" to 17.3" in size. Most W series laptops offered high-end quad-core Intel Core processors wit…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The ThinkPad L series is a line of notebook computers from Lenovo as part of the ThinkPad family. As opposed to the ThinkPad T and X series, the L series has an added focus on economy and value; they are the entry-level range for enterprise use, and are also used by students. The ThinkPad L series was introduced in 2010 replacing the R series.