Pies: There are 703 breeds of purebred dogs

Evidence: 45 • authority: 92

A solution right under our nose? Crossbreeding extreme brachycephalic dogs results in better health outcomes while preserving behavioural profiles and dog-owner relationship quality.. Despite substantial evidence of numerous welfare-limiting disorder predispositions linked to their exaggerated conformation, brachycephalic dogs remain highly desired breeds in the UK. National and international attempts to reduce demand for brachycephalic breeds appear to have had a limited effect on significantly reducing their acquisition. As 'designer crossbreeds' become increasingly popular, an opportunity exists to leverage the public's desire for intentionally crossbred dogs to meet the ownership niche…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

Trends in popularity of some morphological traits of purebred dogs in Australia. BACKGROUND: The morphology of dogs can provide information about their predisposition to some disorders. For example, larger breeds are predisposed to hip dysplasia and many neoplastic diseases. Therefore, longitudinal trends in popularity of dog morphology can reveal potential disease pervasiveness in the future. There have been reports on the popularity of particular breeds and behavioural traits but trends in the morphological traits of preferred breeds have not been studied. METHODS: This study investigated trends in the height, dog size and head shape (cephalic index) of Australian purebred dogs. One hundr…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

Lifetime prevalence of owner-reported medical conditions in the 25 most common dog breeds in the Dog Aging Project pack. Introduction: Large scale data on the prevalence of diverse medical conditions among dog breeds in the United States are sparse. This cross-sectional study sought to estimate the lifetime prevalence of medical conditions among US dogs and to determine whether purebred dogs have higher lifetime prevalence of specific medical conditions compared to mixed-breed dogs. Methods: Using owner-reported survey data collected through the Dog Aging Project (DAP) Health and Life Experience Survey for 27,541 companion dogs, we identified the 10 most commonly reported medical conditions…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

Cluster analysis of the genetic heterogeneity and disease distributions in purebred dog populations. Purebred dog populations have been subject to strong selection which has resulted in extreme differences between breeds and decreased heterogeneity within breeds. As a result, breed-specific inherited diseases have accumulated in many populations. The aim of this study was to analyse genetic heterogeneity in relation to the distribution of elbow dysplasia in labrador retrievers, portosystemic shunts in Irish wolfhounds, and hepatic copper toxicosis, in Bedlington terriers. Decreased heterogeneity was demonstrated in the multiple genetic interrelations in the three populations. In pedigrees c…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

Epidemiology: Population parameters to compare dog breeds: Differences between five dutch purebred populations. Differences in five purebred dog populations born in 1994 in the Netherlands were evaluated using different parameters. Numerically, the Golden Retriever was the largest breed (840 litters of 234 sires) and the Kooiker Dog (101 litters of 41 sires) the smallest. The litter per sire ratio was largest in the Bernese Mountain Dog (4.59) and lowest in the Kooiker Dog (2.46). The mean relatedness and the actual mean level of inbreeding in the studied generations were 0.102 and 0.056 respectively for the Bernese Mountain Dog, 0.041 and 0.046 for the Bouvier des Flandres, 0.087 and 0.061…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

A mongrel, mutt, or mixed-breed dog is any dog which does not belong to one officially recognized breed. While such terms may refer to all dogs of mixed breeds, the terms "dog crossbreed" and "designer dog" specifically refer to mixed-breed dogs which are intentionally bred. Mixed-breed dogs may have ancestries that include any combination of purebred dogs and other mongrels. Excluding designer dogs, mixed-breed dogs are generally considered less financially valuable than purebred dogs. Mixed-breed dogs are thought to be less susceptible to the genetic health problems associated with inbreeding (following the concept of heterosis or "hybrid vigor"). Estimates place the population of mixed-b…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

A dog breed is a particular type of dog that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. Dogs are the most variable mammal on Earth, with artificial selection producing upward of 360 globally recognized breeds. These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size and shape, tail phenotype, fur type, etc., but are only one species of dog. Their behavioral traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and aggression. Most breeds were derived from small numbers of founders within the last 200 years. Because of their adaptability and usefulness to…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 92

Dog Breeds for the Future: Theoretical Assessment of Strategies for Enhancing the Behavioural Reliability of Existing Dog Breeds, or Developing New Ideal Urban Companion Dogs.. The original function of many dog breeds no longer fits the requirements of an easy-going companion. Caretakers can also be overdemanding regarding their dogs' ability to cope with societal expectations. We propose and evaluate four strategies for readjusting the dog-human relationship by highlighting their positive and negative outcomes. (1) 'Converge': dog breeds should be changed towards the amicable dog's behavioural characteristics; thus, once the goal is reached, even novice dog owners can safely own almost any…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 92

Common recorded diagnoses in purebred vs. mixed-breed dogs: a multivariable analysis of primary-care electronic medical records in South Korea.. Introduction In South Korea, the companion-dog population is strongly skewed toward a small number of small-breed purebred dogs, and distinguishing breed-type differences in recorded diagnoses from confounding by age, neuter status, and healthcare utilization is challenging in primary-care data. Methods This retrospective study used electronic medical records (EMRs) from primary-care veterinary clinics in South Korea, covering January 2016-December 2024, to compare the adjusted odds of the 20 most frequently recorded diagnoses between purebred and…

Evidence: 41 • authority: 72

The Pomeranian (also known as a Pom, Pommy or Pome) is a breed of dog of the Spitz type that is named for the Pomerania region in north-west Poland and north-east Germany in Central Europe. Classed as a toy dog breed because of its small size, the Pomeranian is descended from larger Spitz-type dogs, specifically the German Spitz. The breed has been made popular by a number of royal owners since the 18th century. Queen Victoria owned a particularly small Pomeranian, and consequently, the smaller variety became universally popular. During Victoria's lifetime alone, the size of the breed decreased by half. As of 2017, in terms of registration figures, since at least 1998, the breed has ranked…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Regulations governing the recognition of breeds and purebred animals /

Evidence: — • authority: 72

This is a list of common dog crossbreeds. These are crossbreed dogs created deliberately by crossing two purebred dogs. Some are known as designer dogs and are bred as companion dogs, often given portmanteau names derived from those of the parent breeds; others are bred to combine specific working qualities inherent in the parent breeds.