kuchnie-świata: Serbia in the Middle Ages

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The medieval period in the history of Serbia began in the 6th century with the Slavic migrations to the Balkans, and lasted until the Ottoman conquest of Serbian lands in the second half of the 15th century. The period is also extended to 1537, when Pavle Bakić, the last titular Despot of Serbia in Hungarian exile, fell in the Battle of Gorjani. At the time of settling, Serbs were already transitioning from a tribal community into a feudal society. The first Serbian state with established political identity was founded by prince Vlastimir in the mid-9th century. It was followed by other Serbian proto states, unstable due to the constant clashes with the Bulgarians, Hungarians and Byzantines…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 72

Mutimir (Serbian: Мутимир, Greek: Μουντιμῆρος) was prince of the first Serbian Principality from ca. 850 until 891. He defeated the Bulgar army, and allied himself with the Byzantine emperor, and the Church in Serbia with the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. He was the eldest son of Knez Vlastimir, great-great-grandson of the unnamed 7th-century Serbian ruler, who managed to unite the Serb tribes into a state. He initially ruled together with his two younger brothers, but they revolted against him and he exiled them to Bulgaria, as guarantors of peace.

Evidence: 32 • authority: 72

Duklja (Serbian Cyrillic: Дукља; Greek: Διόκλεια, romanized: Diókleia; Latin: Dioclea) was a medieval South Slavic state which roughly encompassed the territories of modern-day southeastern Montenegro, from the Bay of Kotor in the west to the Bojana river in the east, and to the sources of the Zeta and Morača rivers in the north. First mentioned in 10th– and 11th-century Byzantine chronicles, it was a vassal of the Bulgarian Empire between 997 and 1018, and then of the Byzantine Empire until it became independent in 1040 under Stefan Vojislav (fl. 1034–43) who rose up and managed to take over territories of the earlier Serbian Principality, founding the Vojislavljević dynasty. Between 1043…

Evidence: 32 • authority: 72

Vlastimir (Serbian Cyrillic: Властимир, Greek: Βλαστίμηρος; c. 805 – 851) was the prince of Serbia from c. 830 until c. 851. Little is known of his reign. He held Serbia during the growing threat posed by the neighbouring, hitherto peaceful, First Bulgarian Empire, which had expanded significantly toward Serbia. At the time, the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire were at peace by treaty, and although the Byzantine Emperor was overlord of the Serb lands, he was unable to aid the Serbs in a potential war. Presian I of Bulgaria eventually invaded Serbia, resulting in a three-year-war, in which the Bulgarian army was devastated and driven out. Vlastimir then turned to the west, expanding…

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

POLITICAL IDENTITY AND PATRICIAN POWER IN THE CITY OF BURGOS DURING THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

Chapter 17. Political Identity and Patrician Power in the City of Burgos during the Fifteenth Century

Evidence: 24 • authority: 80

Political Identity and Patrician Power in the City of Burgos during the Fifteenth Century

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Montenegro and Serbia maintain diplomatic relations established in 1879. Both were part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941) and later the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1992). After Yugoslavia’s dissolution in 1991-1992, they formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia which was in 2003 reconstituted into the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. The Montenegrin independence referendum in 2006, resulting in restoration of both countries' independence, marked a political divergence, but cultural ties between Serbia and Montenegro remain exceptionally strong. The two countries have a deep historical and cultural connection, rooted in the centuries of intertwined history. Th…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Serbian Progressive Party (Serbian: Српска напредна странка, romanised: Srpska napredna stranka, abbr. SNS) is a major political party in Serbia, described as populist and catch-all. It has been the country's ruling party since 2012. Miloš Vučević, the former prime minister of Serbia, has served as its president since 2023. Founded by Tomislav Nikolić and Aleksandar Vučić in 2008 as a split from the Serbian Radical Party, SNS served in opposition to the Democratic Party until 2012. SNS gained prominence and became the largest opposition party due to their anti-corruption platform and the protests in 2011 at which they demanded early elections. In 2012, Nikolić was elected president of S…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Serbia is the nation state of the Serbs, who are Serbia's dominant ethnic group. Serbs are also majority in Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the 19th century, the Serbian national identity was manifested, with awareness of history and tradition, medieval heritage, cultural unity, despite Serbs living under different empires. Three elements, together with the legacy of the Nemanjić dynasty, were crucial in forging identity and preservation during foreign domination: the Serbian Orthodox Church, Kosovo Myth, and the Serbian language. The identification with medieval heritage through venerating Serbian saints, together with Serbian epic poetry, had helped develop a nat…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Principality of Serbia (Serbian: Кнежевина Србија/Kneževina Srbija) was one of the early medieval states of the Serbs, located in the western regions of Southeastern Europe. It existed from the 8th century up to c. 969–971 and was ruled by the Vlastimirović dynasty. Its first ruler known by name was Višeslav, who started ruling around 780, while by that time (starting from the years 680–681), the Bulgarian state had taken the lands to the east. Vlastimir resisted and defeated the Bulgarian army in a three-year-war (839–842), and the two powers lived in peace for some decades. Vlastimir's three sons succeeded in ruling Serbia together, although for a limited time; Serbia became a key part in…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The 9th century was a period from 801 (represented by the Roman numerals DCCCI) through 900 (CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abbasid Baghdad, attracting many scholars to the city. The field of algebra was founded by the Muslim polymath al-Khwarizmi. The most famous Islamic scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal was tortured and imprisoned by Abbasid official Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad during the reign of Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim and caliph al-Wathiq. In Southeast Asia, the Mataram kingdom reached its zenith, while Burma would see the establishment of the major kingdo…