komunikacja: Quantum computing

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

A quantum computer is a computer that represents and processes information using quantum states. Quantum computations exploit phenomena such as superposition, interference, and entanglement. Quantum computers have the potential to complete some calculations exponentially faster than classical computers. For example, a large-scale quantum computer could break widely used encryption schemes and aid physicists in performing physical simulations. However, current hardware implementations of quantum computation are largely experimental and suitable for only certain specialized tasks. The basic unit of information in quantum computing, the qubit (quantum bit), serves a similar function as the bit…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 92

Unconditional and exponentially large violation of classicality.. Testing the predictions of quantum mechanics has been one of the main experimental endeavors for decades. Recent advancements in technology have led to a number of demonstrations that test non-classicality via specific computational tasks. Limitations of these experiments include dependence on complexity theory assumptions, susceptibility to hardware noise, and inefficient verification, raising questions about their scalability. We propose to test non-classicality using a game based on complement sampling, an efficiently verifiable problem that achieves the largest possible separation between quantum and classical computation…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing is characterized by quantum processors containing up to 1,000 qubits which are not advanced enough yet for fault-tolerance or large enough to achieve quantum advantage. These processors, which are sensitive to their environment (noisy) and prone to quantum decoherence, are not yet capable of continuous quantum error correction. This intermediate-scale is defined by the quantum volume, which is based on a moderate number of qubits and gate fidelity. The NISQ era is the current state of quantum computer technology, and the term was coined by John Preskill in 2018. According to Microsoft Azure Quantum's scheme, NISQ computation is considered le…

Evidence: 54 • authority: 72

Quantum programming refers to the process of designing and implementing algorithms that operate on quantum systems, typically using quantum circuits composed of quantum gates, measurements, and classical control logic. These circuits are developed to manipulate quantum states for specific computational tasks or experimental outcomes. Quantum programs may be executed on quantum processors, simulated on classical hardware, or implemented through laboratory instrumentation for research purposes. When working with quantum processor-based systems, quantum programming languages provide high-level abstractions to express quantum algorithms efficiently. These languages often integrate with classica…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 88

Enhancing quantum computation accuracy on IBM quantum hardware through advanced error mitigation strategies. Abstract Hardware Error Outputs of Quantum Computing Not Reliable because of Hardware Calibration Drift, Measurement Noise, Gate Errors on NISQ Systems. Even though MEMs, ZNEs, and CDRs slightly increase output accuracy, they operate under the assumption of static noise, therefore they do not account for changing output of the NISQ devices in real-time. The limitations of MEMs, ZNEs, and CDRs can be overcome by using the Hybrid Adaptive Error Mitigation (HAEM) method proposed in this article that has the capability to combine baseline measurement-error mitigation with Real-time Calib…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 88

Utility-scale Experimental Quantum Computation with Hardware Efficient Ansätze and Calibrated Hamiltonian. Variational quantum algorithms often adapt the ansätze (ansatz) to the target Hamiltonian, leading to deep or hardware-incompatible circuits. In this work we demonstrate an opposite approach: choosing a hardware-efficient CNOT-ladder ansatz and calibrating the Hamiltonian to compensate for its expressibility to solve ground-state energy problem of 100+ site lattice on real quantum computer. This ansatz-calibrated Hamiltonian framework enables two key advantages: (1) it allows restructuring the algorithm into smaller sub-problems which can independently solved off-line classically, leav…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 92

Quantum-Resistant Security Technologies for Resource-Constrained Edge Devices: Challenges and Lightweight Countermeasures.. With the rapid advancement of quantum computing technology, IoT edge devices widely deployed in industrial settings are facing severe threats to their quantum-resistant security. This work focuses on the challenges of adapting Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) for resource-constrained environments. This work systematically identifies four critical obstacles: difficulties in physical integration due to device heterogeneity; constraints imposed by the limited computing power and storage resources of edge nodes on PQC algorithm execution;…

Evidence: 47 • authority: 92

Utility-Scale Quantum Computational Chemistry.. Chemistry and materials science are widely regarded as leading application fields for quantum hardware. While the dream of unlocking unprecedented simulation capabilities remains compelling, quantum algorithm development must adapt to the evolving constraints of the emerging quantum hardware in order to accomplish any advantage for the computational chemistry practice. At the same time, the continuous advancement of classical wavefunction-theory methods narrows the window for a broad quantum advantage. Here, we explore potential benefits of quantum computation from the broader perspective of utility-scale applications. We argue that quantum al…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 80

Robust and Secure Hybrid Quantum-Classical Computation on Untrusted Cloud-Based Quantum Hardware

Evidence: 39 • authority: 88

Enhancing Quantum Computation Accuracy on Ibm Quantum Hardware Through Advanced Error Mitigation Strategies. Abstract Quantum computing has recently emerged as a novel paradigm for solving problems otherwise intractable on classical computers, yet the practical progress of quantum computers is severely impacted by noise, decoherence, and imperfect gate operations in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Specific to IBM Quantum hardware, imperfections due to readout error, gate errors, and device drift, which depends on time, resolves limits for the accuracy of outputs from our algorithms. The mitigation strategies currently used, for example, Measurement Error Mitigation (MEM), Z…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Quantum information science is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics, information theory, and computer science to explore how quantum phenomena can be harnessed for the processing, analysis, and transmission of information. Quantum information science covers both theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum physics, including the limits of what can be achieved with quantum information. The term quantum information theory is sometimes used, but it refers to the theoretical aspects of information processing and does not include experimental research. At its core, quantum information science explores how information behaves when stored and manipulated…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Natural computing, also called natural computation, is a terminology introduced to encompass three classes of methods: 1) those that take inspiration from nature for the development of novel problem-solving techniques; 2) those that are based on the use of computers to synthesize natural phenomena; and 3) those that employ natural materials (e.g., molecules) to compute. The main fields of research that compose these three branches are artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, artificial immune systems, fractal geometry, artificial life, DNA computing, and quantum computing, among others. However, the field is more related to biological computation. Computation…