energia: Kölnbrein Dam

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Kölnbrein Dam is an arch dam in the Hohe Tauern range within Carinthia, Austria. It was constructed between 1971 and 1979 and at 200 metres (660 ft) high, it is the tallest dam in Austria. The dam's reservoir serves as the primary storage in a three-stage pumped-storage power system that consists of nine dams, four hydroelectric power plants and a series of pipeline and penstocks. The complex is owned by Verbund power company and is referred to as the Malta-Reisseck Power Plant Group. The installed capacity of the group is 1,028.5 MW and its annual generation is 1,216 gigawatt-hours (4,380 TJ). While the dam's reservoir was filling, several cracks appeared in the dam and it took more th…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

Fig. 4. The comparison of moraine shades dam during the filling of the reservoir (a) and at the maximum water level (б).

Evidence: 38 • authority: 80

Three dimensional analysis of Infierniallo dam during construction and filling of the reservoir

Evidence: 38 • authority: 80

Analysis of Inducing Joints Behavior during Reservoir Filling in Xiaowan Arch Dam

Evidence: — • authority: 91

first partial reservoir filling: 1978 ... second partial reservoir filling: 1979 ... Filling had to be stopped 39.4 ft (12 m) below top reservoir level because uplift and seepage occurred.

Evidence: — • authority: 91

During the first partial filling, the structure acted normally, although some cracking was noticed on the upstream side. After the second partial filling in 1979, uplift and seepage were noticed. The cracking was letting water bypass the grout curtain and seep under the dam, creating the uplift pressure.

Evidence: — • authority: 62

With a planned reservoir level of 1,900 m a.s.l. the dam saw the reservoir level of 1,860 m a.s.l. breached in the year 1978. This led to extremely high seepage losses of up to 200 ltr/sec and a rise in the foundation water pressure up to 100% of the dam’s height. These observations were caused by the development of horizontal cracks in the area of the middle dam blocks, between the lowest inspection walkway and the waterside.As a consequence, power plant operations had to significantly be reduced and a number of additional measures were carried out – though these did not lead to the desired sealings.

Evidence: — • authority: 90

Technical Challenges of Safety Emergency Drawdown for High Dam and Large Reservoir Project. With the development of a 300 m high dam and large reservoir construction, the emergency drawdown capacity of cascade reservoirs, especially high dams, has become a hot issue of concern to all sectors of society while giving play to huge comprehensive benefits. Based on a thorough investigation of the current situation of drawdown facilities for high dams and large reservoirs with a height of 200 m or more in the world, this paper finds that drawdown facilities currently face difficulties such as insufficient drawdown capacity, poor safety and stability of high head structures, extremely high lift ho…

Evidence: — • authority: 90

Investigation on Hydraulic Fracturing and Flexible Anti-Hydrofracturing Solution for Xiaowan Arch Dam. Understanding hydraulic fracturing in concrete super-high arch dams is vital for the implementation of safety measures on the bearing surface. In this study, we conducted tests on hydraulic fracturing for the Xiaowan arch dam (294.5 m) to analyze concrete behavior at cracks under various stress conditions. The risk of hydraulic fracturing near the dam heel was identified without compressive stress. Addressing this, we propose a flexible anti-hydrofracturing system using GB sealing material and a spray polyurea coating. Simulation tests on three schemes: ‘3 mm GB plate + 4 mm polyurea’, ‘1…

Evidence: — • authority: 88

Influence of Large Reservoir Operation on Water-Levels and Flows in Reaches below Dam: Case Study of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Abstract The Three Gorges Project (TGP) is the world’s largest water conservation project. The post-construction low-flow water level at the same discharge below the dam has declined, but there remains disagreement over whether the flood level has increased. Measured water levels and upstream and downstream flow data from 1955 to 2016 show that, post-construction: (1) the low-flow water level at the same discharge decreased, and the lowest water level increased due to dry-season reservoir discharge; (2) the decline of the low-flow water level below the dam was les…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Managing risks while filling the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Reservoir Filling