codzienność: Interview (research)

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

An interview in qualitative research is a conversation where questions are asked to elicit information. The interviewer is usually a professional or paid researcher, sometimes trained, who poses questions to the interviewee, in an alternating series of usually brief questions and answers. They can be contrasted with focus groups in which an interviewer questions a group of people and observes the resulting conversation between interviewees, or surveys which are more anonymous and limit respondents to a range of predetermined answer choices. In addition, there are special considerations when interviewing children. In phenomenological or ethnographic research, interviews are used to uncover t…

Evidence: 51 • authority: 88

“Focus Groups Can Be Fun”: The Use of Activity-Oriented Questions in Focus Group Discussions. Interest in focus group discussions has grown recently, and so has the recognition of them as a valuable method for qualitative data collection. Despite increasing popularity, they are not an easy option, and moderators must find appropriate ways to approach participants to achieve good-quality data. A path to reach this aim is the inclusion in the focus group agenda of some “exercises” (or activity-oriented questions) that are enjoyable and productive supplements to questions. Exercises provide a different way of gathering information and are beneficial, for instance, for more reflective participa…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 72

Qualitative research is a type of research that aims to gather and analyse non-numerical (descriptive) data in order to gain an understanding of individuals' social reality, including understanding their attitudes, beliefs, and motivation. This type of research typically involves in-depth interviews, focus groups, or field observations in order to collect data that is rich in detail and context. Qualitative research is often used to explore complex phenomena or to gain insight into people's experiences and perspectives on a particular topic. It is particularly useful when researchers want to understand the meaning that people attach to their experiences or when they want to uncover the unde…

Evidence: 34 • authority: 80

Supplemental Information 6: A checklist of semi-structured interview questions for Focus group discussion and Key informant interview

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Challenges with interviewer administration of EQ-5D questionnaires in a large-scale population survey in China: a qualitative analysis.. Introduction While most adult measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are designed for self-completion, their use in low- and middle-income countries involves interviewer administration. Large-scale population surveys in China that collect EQ-5D data via face-to-face interviews typically show high ceiling effects. We aimed to identify non-standard interviewing approaches in the collection of EQ-5D data in a large-scale population health survey in China and to explore reasons for these non-standard approaches and plausible mechanisms through whic…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Qualitative Analysis of Feedback From a Primary Care Resident Clinic.. Background Residents spend a great deal of time with supervising faculty in their continuity clinic in primary care residencies. The long-term relationship between the resident and faculty provides an opportunity to provide feedback on the resident's knowledge, skills, and practice style. Materials and methods Focus group discussions with primary care residency supervising faculty at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center were analyzed to determine the goals, current knowledge, feelings, and barriers regarding providing feedback to residents during continuity clinic. Qualitative analysis using grounded theory…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Effects of Teleintervention Maintenance Programs for Children (Age 6-12) and Adolescents (Age 13-18) With Overweight or Obesity-Promoting a Healthy Lifestyle: A Systematic Review.. Background Weight management and maintenance of healthy habits are crucial in combating paediatric obesity. This systematic review examines outcomes beyond BMI in teleintervention maintenance programmes, with a focus on sustaining a healthy lifestyle. Methods A PubMed, LIVIVO and Web of Science search was conducted for publications between 2012 and 4 November 2025 to identify primary studies evaluating teleintervention maintenance programmes of at least 12 weeks' duration, delivered to children and adolescents wi…

Evidence: — • authority: 92

Clinicians' post-operative feeding decisions for infants with congenital duodenal obstruction and trans-anastomotic tube usage: a qualitative interview and focus group study.. Background Congenital Duodenal Obstruction (CDO) is a rare birth defect requiring post-surgical nutritional support, using parenteral nutrition (PN), trans-anastomotic tubes (TAT), or both. TATs offer health and cost benefits, but widespread variation in practice exists: most infants receive PN, and few are fed solely via a TAT. This study aimed to understand how and why clinicians make post-operative feeding decisions for infants with CDO focusing on TATs, and to identify requirements for practice change to increase…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Sociolinguistics is the descriptive and scientific study of how language is shaped by and used differently within any given society. The field largely looks at how a language varies between distinct social groups and under the influence of assorted cultural norms, expectations, and contexts, including how that variation plays a role in language change. Sociolinguistics combines the older field of dialectology with the social sciences in order to identify regional dialects, sociolects, ethnolects, and other sub-varieties and styles within a language. A major branch of linguistics since the second half of the 20th century, sociolinguistics is closely related to and can partly overlap with pra…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) is a standardized diagnostic test for assessing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The protocol consists of a series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the person under assessment. The examiner observes and identifies aspects of the subject's behavior, assigns these to predetermined categories, and combines these categorized observations to produce quantitative scores for analysis. Research-determined cut-offs identify the potential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, allowing a standardized assessment of autistic symptoms. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), a compan…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

A focus group is a group interview involving a small number (sometimes up to twelve) of demographically predefined participants. Their reactions to specific researcher/evaluator-posed questions are studied. Focus groups are used in market research to better understand people's reactions to products or services or participants' perceptions of shared experiences. The discussions can be guided or open. In market research, focus groups can explore a group's response to a new product or service. As a program evaluation tool, they can elicit lessons learned and recommendations for performance improvement. The idea is for the researcher to understand participants' reactions. If group members are r…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

User research is the investigation to understand user behaviors, needs and motivations through interviews, surveys, usability evaluations and other forms of feedback methodologies. It is used to understand how people interact with products and evaluate whether design solutions meet their needs. This field of research aims at improving the user experience (UX) of products, services, or processes by incorporating experimental and observational research methods to guide the design, development, and refinement of a product. User research is used to improve a multitude of products like websites, mobile phones, medical devices, banking, government services and many more. It is an iterative proces…