jaskinie: Geography of New Zealand

Evidence: 73 • authority: 72

Stewart Island (Māori: Rakiura, lit. 'glowing skies', officially Stewart Island / Rakiura, formerly New Leinster) is the third-largest and southernmost inhabited island of New Zealand, lying 30 kilometres (16 nautical miles) south of the South Island, separated by Foveaux Strait. It is a roughly triangular island with a land area of 1,746 km2 (674 sq mi) . Its 164-kilometre (102 mi) coastline is indented by Paterson Inlet (east), Port Pegasus (south), and Mason Bay (west). The island is generally hilly (rising to 980 metres or 3,220 feet at Mount Anglem) and densely forested. Almost all the island is owned by the New Zealand government, and over 80 percent of the island forms Rakiura Nation…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Raratoka Island (also known as Centre Island) is a small island of 86 hectares (210 acres) in Foveaux Strait off the coast of Stewart Island / Rakiura, New Zealand. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Stewart island's northernmost point, Black Rock Point, and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southwest of the Southland town of Riverton on the South Island mainland. Several small reefs surround the island, notably Escape Reefs, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the east, and Hapuka Rock, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the southwest. The island was named by Māori after the Island of Rarotonga, and is the Southern Māori form of the same word, meaning "beneath the south" or "south wind". Raratoka Island is used…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Foveaux Strait ( FOH-voh; Māori: Te Ara-a-Kiwa, lit. 'the Path of Kiwa') is a strait that separates Stewart Island from the South Island of New Zealand. The width of the strait ranges from about 23 to 53 km (14 to 33 mi), and the depth varies between 18 and 46 m (59 and 151 ft). The earliest known chart of the strait was prepared by American sealer, Owen Folger Smith from a whaleboat of the sealing brig Union in 1804. The passage was named Foveaux Strait in March 1809, after Joseph Foveaux, the Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales in Australia. Ferry services across Foveaux Strait began in 1877 and continue to operate regularly between Bluff Harbour and Oban. The strait has been described…

Evidence: 30 • authority: 88

Habitat loss drives population decline and reduced mass of Rakiura tokoeka (Apteryx australis australis, Stewart Island brown kiwi,) at Mason Bay, Stewart Island/Rakiura. Between 1993 and 2018, the number of Rakiura tokoeka (Apteryx australis australis, Stewart Island brown kiwi) territories in 125 ha of retired farmland near Island Hill Homestead, Mason Bay, declined from 17 to 12 at a mean rate of 1.43% per year, and the minimum number of adults declined by 1.39% per year. These rates triggered a New Zealand conservation status of ‘Nationally Endangered’ for the subspecies assuming that they were typical of the whole of Stewart Island/Rakiura. Feeding habitat for tokoeka has been lost as…

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

The Fiordland penguin (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus), also known as the Fiordland crested penguin (in Māori, tawaki), is a crested penguin species endemic to New Zealand. It currently breeds along the south-western coasts of New Zealand's South Island as well as on Stewart Island/Rakiura and its outlying islands. Because it originally ranged beyond Fiordland, it is sometimes referred to as the New Zealand crested penguin. It is occasionally found in Australia.

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

Native Island is off the east coast of Halfmoon Bay, Stewart Island, New Zealand. It is north east of Ulva Island in the northern mouth of Paterson Inlet. It is separated from Stewart Island by a narrow channel 50 metres (160 ft) in width. There has been evidence of small and temporary past Māori settlements on the island. Multiple Māori relics have been found, including bone fish hooks, axes, and chisels. Native Island is part of the Ulva Island-Te Wharawhara Marine Reserve, which is on the south part of Native Island.

Evidence: 29 • authority: 80

Interspecific feeding of South Island tomtit (Petroica macrocephala macrocephala) nestlings and fledglings by a male Stewart Island robin (P. australis rakiura)

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

Evidence: 29 • authority: 88

Evidence: 29 • authority: 72

Evidence: 21 • authority: 80

Notes on birds on Ruapuke Island, Foveaux Strait

Evidence: 21 • authority: 72

The New Zealand outlying islands are nine offshore island groups that are part of New Zealand, with all but Solander Islands lying beyond the 12 nautical miles limit of the mainland's territorial waters. Although considered integral parts of New Zealand, seven of the nine island groups are not part of any administrative region or district, but are instead each designated as an Area Outside Territorial Authority. The two exceptions are the Chatham Islands, which are covered by their own special territorial authority, and the Solander Islands, which are part of the Southland Region and Southland District. Eight island groups sit on the New Zealand continental shelf, which forms a part of Zeal…