starożytność: Indian art

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Indian art consists of a variety of art forms, including painting, sculpture, pottery, and textile arts such as woven silk. Geographically, it spans South Asia, including what is now India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and at times Afghanistan, the Maldives, and Tibet, amongst a few other places. A strong sense of design is characteristic of Indian art and can be observed in its modern and traditional forms. The earliest Indian art originated during the prehistoric settlements of the 3rd millennium BCE, such as the rock shelters of Bhimbetka, which contain some of the world's oldest known cave paintings. On its way to modern times, Indian art has had cultural influences,…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

Indian religions, also known as Dharmic religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent. These religions, which include Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism and faiths based on these doctrines, are also classified as part of Eastern religions. Although Indian religions are connected through the history of India, they constitute a wide range of religious communities, and are not confined to the Indian subcontinent. Evidence attesting to prehistoric religion in the Indian subcontinent comes from scattered Mesolithic rock paintings. The Harappan people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which lasted from 3300 to 1300 BCE (mature period 2600–1900 BCE), had an early urbani…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

In the history of art, prehistoric art is all art produced in preliterate, prehistorical cultures beginning somewhere in very late geological history, and generally continuing until that culture either develops writing or other methods of record-keeping, or makes significant contact with another culture that has, and that makes some record of major historical events. At this point ancient art begins, for the older literate cultures. The end-date for what is covered by the term thus varies greatly between different parts of the world. The earliest human artifacts showing evidence of workmanship with an artistic purpose are the subject of some debate. It is clear that such workmanship existed…

Evidence: 40 • authority: 88

Why does female representation in Mesopotamian art decline from the 3rd to the 2nd millennium BCE?. As we move from the third millennium to the second millennium BCE, the representation of women in Mesopotamian art substantially decreases. This tendency has been noted by many academics, but the cause has not yet been discovered. With the support of the supposition that a reduction in women's status caused a decline in their representation in art, this study seeks to explain this trend. This paper primarily employs case studies to identify any variations in how women were portrayed before using the information gained to support the hypothesis. The study also gives a background on women's rep…

Evidence: 33 • authority: 88

உலக குகைஓவிய வரலாற்றில் பீம்பேத்கா குகைஓவியங்கள் பெறும் முக்கியத்துவம் - ஓர் ஆய்வு. Art is considered a vital creative form that exquisitely expresses human inner emotions, sublime thoughts, and external life experiences. It serves as a primary historical source to precisely understand the chronological background of human civilization, its associated culture, social structure, and beliefs. Among these, cave paintings occupy a unique place. Located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, the Bhimbetka cave paintings serve as a global archaeological document that helps us understand the lifestyle characteristics and socio-structural changes of the humans who lived there from the prehistoric L…

Evidence: 27 • authority: 72

The history of Asian art includes a vast range of arts from various cultures, regions, and religions across the continent of Asia. Asian art is typically divided into broad blocks: East Asian art includes works from China, Japan, Korea and Tibetan art, while Southeast Asian art includes the arts of Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Historically, South Asian art mostly falls under Indian art, which encompasses the arts of the Indian subcontinent, while Central Asian art covers that region. West Asian art encompasses the arts of the Ancient Near East including Mesopotamian art and Persian art, and more recently becoming dominated by…

Evidence: 22 • authority: 72

The Art of Mathura refers to a particular school of Indian art, almost entirely surviving in the form of sculpture, starting in the 2nd century BCE, which centred on the city of Mathura, in central northern India, during a period in which Buddhism, Jainism together with Hinduism flourished in India. Mathura "was the first artistic center to produce devotional icons for all the three faiths", and the pre-eminent centre of religious artistic expression in India at least until the Gupta period, and was influential throughout the sub-continent. Chronologically, Mathuran sculpture becomes prominent after Mauryan art, the art of the Mauryan Empire (322 and 185 BCE). It is said to represent a "sha…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Ambadevi rock shelters are part of an extensive cave site, where the oldest yet known traces of human life in the central province of the Indian subcontinent were discovered. The site is located in the Satpura Range of the Gawilgarh Hills in Betul District of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, north of Dharul village in Amravati district of Maharashtra. Studies of various rock paintings and petroglyphs present in the caves suggest, that the Ambadevi rock shelters were inhabited by prehistoric human settlers since around 25,000 years ago. First discoveries of clusters of numerous rock shelters and caves were made by Vijay Ingole and his team beginning on 27 January 2007. Named after the…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The history of cave paintings in India or rock art range from drawings and paintings from prehistoric times, beginning in the caves of Central India, typified by those at the Bhimbetka rock shelters from around 10,000 BP, to elaborate frescoes at sites such as the rock-cut artificial caves at Ajanta and Ellora, extending as late as 6th–10th century CE.

Evidence: — • authority: 72

In archaeology, rock art refers to human-made markings placed on natural surfaces, typically vertical stone surfaces. A high proportion of surviving historic and prehistoric rock art is found in caves or partly enclosed rock shelters; this type also may be called cave art or parietal art. A global phenomenon, rock art is found in many culturally diverse regions of the world. It has been produced in many contexts throughout human history. In terms of technique, the four main groups are: cave paintings and petrographs, petroglyphs, which are carved or scratched into the rock surface, sculpted rock reliefs, and geoglyphs, which are formed on the ground. The oldest known rock art dates from the…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave (French: Grotte Chauvet-Pont d'Arc [ɡʁɔt ʃovɛ pɔ̃ daʁk]) in the Ardèche department of southeastern France is a cave that contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world, as well as other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life. It is located near the commune of Vallon-Pont-d'Arc on a limestone cliff above the former bed of the river Ardèche, in the Gorges de l'Ardèche. Rediscovered on 18 December 1994, it is considered one of the most important prehistoric art sites, and on 22 June 2014 the UN's cultural agency UNESCO granted it World Heritage status. The cave was first explored by a group of three speleologists: Eliette Brunel-Deschamps, Ch…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The Bhimbetka rock shelters are an archaeological site in central India that spans the Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods, as well as the historic period. It exhibits the earliest traces of human life in India and evidence of the Stone Age starting at the site in Acheulean times. It is located in the Raisen district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh, about 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of Bhopal. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that consists of seven hills and over 750 rock shelters distributed over 10 km (6.2 mi). At least some of the shelters were inhabited more than 100,000 years ago. The rock shelters and caves provide evidence of human settlement and the cultural evolution fr…