ciało-człowieka: Newt

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

A newt is a salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae. The terrestrial juvenile phase is called an eft. Unlike other members of the family Salamandridae, newts are semiaquatic, alternating between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Not all aquatic salamanders are considered newts, however. More than 100 known species of newts are found in North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia. Newts metamorphose through three distinct developmental life stages: aquatic larvae, terrestrial juvenile (eft), and adult. Adult newts have lizard-like bodies and return to the water every year to breed, otherwise living in humid, cover-rich land habitats. Newts are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation and…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

Figure 1.4. Total net ODA by region (Sub-Saharan Africa - Other Asia and Oceania - Latin America and Caribbean - South and Central Asia - Middle East and North Africa - Europe)

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

World Data Bank II: North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

World Data Bank II: North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

Europe, Africa, Asia, North America

Evidence: 45 • authority: 80

Ch02. Founding of the Knights of Pythias of North America, South America,Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

North African hybrid sparrows (Passer domesticus,P. hispaniolensis) back from oblivion – ecological segregation and asymmetric mitochondrial introgression between parental species. A stabilized hybrid form of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and the Spanish sparrow (P. hispaniolensis) is known as Passer italiae from the Italian Peninsula and a few Mediterranean islands. The growing attention for the Italian hybrid sparrow and increasing knowledge on its biology and genetic constitution greatly contrast the complete lack of knowledge of the long-known phenotypical hybrid sparrow populations from North Africa. Our study provides new data on the breeding biology and variation of mitochond…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 90

Hynobiidae Cope, 1859. This family, Salamandridae Goldfuss, includes the species regarded as typical newts and salamanders. It is a diverse family, including large-and small-bodied, terrestrial and, at least partly, aquatic species. Some are strictly terrestrial and some are permanently aquatic. The largely terrestrial salamanders are smooth-skinned while most of the other genera have a rough skin. Most species have aquatic larvae except for some viviparous salamanders that give birth to fully metamorphosed offspring. No single feature uniquely characterises all salamandrids as a monophyletic group, but a combined analysis of morphological and molecular characters strongly supports the mono…

Evidence: 45 • authority: 72

The smooth newt, European newt, northern smooth newt or common newt (Lissotriton vulgaris) is a species of newt. It is widespread in Europe and parts of Asia, and has also been introduced to Australia. Individuals are brown with a spotted underside that ranges in colour from orange to white. They reach an average length of 8–11 cm (3.1–4.3 in), with males being larger than females. The newts' skins are dry and velvety when they are living on land, but become smooth when they migrate into the water to breed. Males develop a more vivid colour pattern and a conspicuous skin seam (crest) on their back during the breeding season. The smooth newt was originally described by Carl Linnaeus as a liz…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

New fossil evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Europe (southern France) deepens the origin of Salamandridae (Urodela) and refines the biogeography of the family.. Salamandrids are today the most diverse family of salamanders of the Palearctic, including 146 species and 22 genera. The oldest fossil occurrences of the group are so far dated to the Paleocene (around 60 Myr ago), except for an isolated vertebra in the late Maastrichtian of Spain, although molecular studies place the origin of the group earlier, in the Late Cretaceous. New findings from the Upper Cretaceous of France fill this stratigraphic gap, significantly predating the previous oldest fossil occurrence of the group by 10 Ma…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 92

Leech Diversity in the Maghreb (North Africa): A Checklist and a Case Report of Parasitism on a Berber Toad (<i>Sclerophys mauritanica</i>) in Algeria.. Leeches (Hirudinea) are ecologically important annelids that interact with a wide range of aquatic vertebrates, yet their diversity, distribution, and epidemiological relevance remain poorly documented in North Africa. Here, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of freshwater and marine leech species reported from the Maghreb (Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco), based on an extensive review of the available literature. In total, 21 species belonging to 13 genera and four families (Glossiphoniidae, Erpobdellidae, Hirudinidae, and Pisc…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 90

Animals before man in North America, their lives and times. Animals Before Man changed, and some of these changes have taken place in our own day and almost under our very eyes.The bison has been practically swept out of existence, and his doom was sealed when the white man first settled here.But other and different bison had lived and died before this one came upon the scene, and these in turn took the place of other creatures.For there has been a constant change among the animals of this country, and they have been very different at different periods.Could one see examples of them in some great zoological garden, it might be imagined not only that they had been brought together from very…