jedzenie: Alcoholics Anonymous

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a global mutual aid fellowship dedicated solely to abstinence-based recovery from alcoholism through its spiritually inclined Twelve Steps. AA's organizational principles are outlined in its Twelve Traditions and Twelve Concepts. In 2021 AA estimated it was active in 180 countries with nearly two million members — 73% in the United States and Canada. AA's origin dates to a 1935 Ohio meeting between Bill Wilson, or Bill W, and Bob Smith, or Dr. Bob (for anonymity, members often go by first name and last name initial). They met through the Christian revivalist Oxford Group and continued under its aegis to fellowship with other alcoholics until forming what became…

Evidence: 59 • authority: 72

William Griffith Wilson (November 26, 1895 – January 24, 1971), also known as Bill Wilson or Bill W., was an American businessman who co-conceived and co-founded Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), with fellow co-founder Bob Smith. AA is an international mutual aid fellowship with about two million members worldwide belonging to AA groups, associations, organizations, cooperatives, and fellowships of alcoholics helping other alcoholics achieve and maintain sobriety. Following AA's Twelfth Tradition of anonymity, within the organization Wilson is commonly known as "Bill W." or "Bill". After his death, with his prior written permission, his full name was included in obituaries. Wilson's sobriety from…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 88

Interpretations of Online Anonymity in Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous. How do individuals in twelve-step fellowships like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) interpret and enact "anonymity?" In this paper, we answer this question through a mixed-methods investigation. Through secondary analysis of interview data from 26 participants and an online questionnaire (N=285) we found three major interpretations of anonymity among AA and NA members: "unidentifiability," "social contract," and "program over individual." While unidentifiability has been the focus of computing investigations, the other interpretations provide a significant and novel lens on anonymity.…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 88

Alcoholics Anonymous: sustaining behavioural change. This chapter concentrates on the practices of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and how they facilitate behavioural change. The author analysed intensive interviews with long-term members of AA using a framework that focused on motivation to engage, structured social engagement (through the activities of AA) and personal agency. The resulting model (presented as a helix to represent progression over time) illustrates the way that individuals use support from AA and the understandings of their problem drinking – reflecting AA language and concepts in what the author terms ‘linguistic echoes’ – to maintain sobriety. Although there may be limits to…

Evidence: 50 • authority: 72

Alcoholics Anonymous: The Story of How More Than One Hundred Men and Women Have Recovered from Alcoholism (nicknamed "The Big Book" because of the thickness of the paper used in the first edition) is a 1939 basic text describing how to seek recovery from alcoholism. The Big Book was written by William G. Bill W." Wilson, one of the founders of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA or A.A.), with the help of various editors. The composition process was not collaborative other than editing. Bill W. wrote all the book's chapters except "To Employers", which was authored by Bill W.'s right-hand man, Hank Parkhurst. Parkhurst influenced the more liberal notions of "God as we understand him" and "your own con…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 92

A historical review of perceptions of key aspects of spirituality and religion within alcoholics anonymous.. This historical research aimed to develop an accurate perception of the role of spirituality and religion within the history of Alcoholics Anonymous. Primary and secondary sources were reviewed. The study identified that Bill W. and Dr. Bob established the format for the support group based on the ideas of William James, which formed the base for the Oxford Groups. Alcoholics Anonymous was clearly viewed as a spiritual group and not a religion. The review also showed that the two founders had each experienced one of the two types of spiritual awakenings that James had addressed. Thes…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 92

A Tragedy of Errors: The State of Psychedelic Research in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder.. The past two decades have seen the reemergence of research investigating the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs across neuropsychiatric illnesses. One condition, alcohol use disorder (AUD), is of relevance given the broad public health implications and both limited effectiveness and attrition associated with currently available treatments. While emerging research has suggested that the benefits of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of AUD may be considerable, several fundamental aspects of this work limit the conclusions that can be drawn. These limitations include those that apply to r…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 92

Spiritual Principles of Alcoholics Anonymous.. Alcoholics Anonymous is, according to the Program's basic documents, a spiritual program - especially regarding Steps 2-3, 5-7, and 11-12. This paper reviews the history of the Program with emphasis on its spiritual background, as well as on the roots of the spiritual side of the program, and showing the spiritual accents in the Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous. The paper also considers the Christian background of the movement and, more broadly, explores the connection of AA founders William (Bill) Wilson and Dr. Robert (Bob) Smith with several Catholic people, such as Edward (Ed) Dowling, SJ, and John C. Ford, SJ, and indicates some points of…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a global fellowship founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson (known as Bill W.) and Robert Smith (known as Dr. Bob), and has since grown to be worldwide.

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

Robert Holbrook Smith (August 8, 1879 – November 16, 1950), also known as Dr. Bob, was an American physician and surgeon who cofounded Alcoholics Anonymous with Bill Wilson (more commonly known as Bill W.).