geografia: GRU (Russian Federation)

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, formerly the Main Intelligence Directorate, and commonly known by its previous abbreviation GRU, is the foreign military intelligence agency of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation tasked with advancing military intelligence through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and conducting clandestine and covert operations. The GRU controls the military intelligence service and maintains its own special forces units. Unlike Russia's other security and intelligence agencies – such as the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the Federal Security Service (FSB), an…

Evidence: 61 • authority: 72

The intelligence agencies of the Russian Federation, often unofficially referred to in Russian as Special services (Russian: Спецслужбы), include: Federal Security Service (FSB), an agency responsible for counter-intelligence and other aspects of state security as well as intelligence-gathering in some countries, primarily those of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS); reports directly to the President of Russia. Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation (GUSP), is a federal executive agency that performs functions to ensure the fulfillment of the authority of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of mobilization training and mobi…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 72

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with advancing national security through collecting and analyzing intelligence from around the world and conducting covert operations. The agency is headquartered in the George Bush Center for Intelligence in Langley, Virginia, and is sometimes metonymously called "Langley". A major member of the United States Intelligence Community (IC), the CIA has reported to the director of national intelligence since 2004, and is focused on providing intelligence for the president and the Cabinet, though it also provides intelligence for a variety of other entities incl…

Evidence: 48 • authority: 72

Spetsnaz GRU, formally known as Special Forces of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, (Russian: Части и подразделения специального назначения Главного управления Генерального штаба Вооружённых сил Российской Федерации) is the special forces (spetsnaz) of the GRU, the foreign military intelligence agency of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Spetsnaz units are operationally commanded by the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff, and are sourced to the Russian Ground Forces, the Russian Navy, and the Russian Airborne Forces. Spetsnaz troops are used for reconnaissance and sabotage, and are not special operations forces. GRU spetsnaz are…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

The Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) is the foreign intelligence agency of Pakistan. It is responsible for counterintelligence, espionage and conducting covert operations around the world. The main objective of the ISI is to covertly collect and analyse intelligence from overseas that is deemed relevant to Pakistan's national security and interests. The ISI reports to its agency executive which is the Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence. It is primarily focused on providing foreign intelligence to the Government of Pakistan and the Pakistan Armed Forces. It is part of the Pakistani intelligence community. The ISI primarily consists of both serving military and civilian intellig…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

The Russian government conducted foreign electoral interference in the 2016 United States elections with the goals of sabotaging the presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton, boosting the presidential campaign of Donald Trump, and increasing political and social discord in the United States. According to the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC), the operation—code named "Project Lakhta"—was ordered directly by Russian president Vladimir Putin. The "hacking and disinformation campaign" to damage Clinton and help Trump became the "core of the scandal known as Russiagate". The Internet Research Agency (IRA), based in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and described as a troll farm, created thousands of soc…

Evidence: 42 • authority: 72

The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) is an intelligence agency and combat support agency of the United States Department of Defense (DoD) specializing in military intelligence. A component of the Department of Defense and the Intelligence Community (IC), DIA informs national civilian and defense policymakers about the military intentions and capabilities of foreign governments and non-state actors. It also provides intelligence assistance, integration and coordination across uniformed military service intelligence components, which remain structurally separate from DIA. The agency's role encompasses the collection and analysis of military-related foreign political, economic, industrial, ge…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 80

Strategic actions of the largest foreign companies in Russia in the first years of strengthening sanctions against Russia

Evidence: 36 • authority: 88

How to Identify Foreign Business in Russia and What are the Key Issues of Creating and Keeping a Full List of the Largest Foreign Companies in Russia. With the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the world began to call on international business to sever business ties with Russia, and at the same time, some countries began to impose sanctions against entire sectors of the Russian economy. In this paper, we propose a methodological approach used by the Kyiv School of Economics to assess what foreign business in the Russian Federation is, how to correctly calculate its share in GDP, and how, in our opinion, the behavior of international companies should be assessed. According to our…

Evidence: 36 • authority: 80

Representing the Need for Intelligence Reform: The Intelligence Inquiry and Sweden’s New Foreign Intelligence Agency

Evidence: 36 • authority: 80

The German foreign intelligence agency (BND)

Evidence: 36 • authority: 72

The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence on foreign nationals in support of its Five Eyes partners. SIS is one of the British intelligence agencies and the chief of the Secret Intelligence Service (known as "C") is directly accountable to the foreign secretary. Formed in 1909 as the Foreign Section of the Secret Service Bureau, the section grew greatly during the First World War, officially adopting its current name around 1920. The name "MI6" originated as a convenient label during the Second…