wynalazki: Nude (art)

Evidence: 100 • authority: 72

The nude, as a form of visual art that focuses on the unclothed human figure, is an enduring tradition in Western art. It was a preoccupation of Ancient Greek art, and after a semi-dormant period in the Middle Ages returned to a central position with the Renaissance. Unclothed figures often also play a part in other types of art, such as history painting, including allegorical and religious art, portraiture, or the decorative arts. From prehistory to the earliest civilizations, nude female figures were generally understood to be symbols of fertility or well-being. In India, the Khajuraho Group of Monuments built between 950 and 1050 CE are known for their nude sculptures, which comprise abo…

Evidence: 44 • authority: 72

Nudity is the state of being in which a human is without clothing. While estimates vary, for the first 90,000 years of pre-history, anatomically modern humans were naked, having lost their body hair, living in hospitable climates, and not having developed the crafts needed to make clothing. As humans became behaviorally modern, body adornments such as jewelry, tattoos, body paint and scarification became part of non-verbal communications, indicating a person's social and individual characteristics. Indigenous peoples in warm climates used clothing for decorative, symbolic or ceremonial purposes but were often nude, having neither the need to protect the body from the elements nor any concep…

Evidence: 39 • authority: 72

Childhood nudity is the state of being in which a prepubescent human is without clothing or not clothed according to social norms. Very young children, not having learned such norms, and having no modesty, may remove their clothing seeking comfort or as part of play. In contemporary societies, attitudes toward children being unclothed in various situations are controversial and greatly differ worldwide depending upon conceptions of childhood innocence and child sexuality. Societies may regard public childhood nudity before puberty as normal, as acceptable in particular situations such as same-sex groups, or unacceptable. Until approximately 12,000 years ago, all humans were hunter-gatherers…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome are indicated by art, literature, and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture. It has sometimes been assumed that "unlimited sexual license" was characteristic of ancient Rome, but sexuality was not excluded as a concern of the mos maiorum, the traditional social norms that affected public, private, and military life. Pudor, "shame, modesty", was a regulating factor in behavior, as were legal strictures on certain sexual transgressions in both the Republican and Imperial periods. The censors—public officials who determined the social rank of individuals—had the power to remove cit…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The history of nudity involves social attitudes to nakedness of the human body in different cultures in history. The use of clothing to cover the body is one of the changes that mark the end of the Neolithic, and the beginning of civilizations. Nudity (or near-complete nudity) has traditionally been the social norm for both men and women in hunter-gatherer cultures in warm climates, and it is still common among many indigenous peoples. The need to cover the body is associated with human migration out of the tropics into climates where clothes were needed as protection from sun, heat, and dust in the Middle East; or from cold and rain in Europe and Asia. The first use of animal skins and clo…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Physical attractiveness is the extent to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful. The term often implies sexual attractiveness or desirability but can also be distinct. Many factors influence one person's attraction to another, with physical aspects being one of them. Physical attraction includes universal perceptions common across human cultures, such as facial symmetry, as well as socioculturally dependent attributes, and personal preferences unique to each individual. In many cases, humans subconsciously attribute positive characteristics, such as intelligence and honesty, to physically attractive people, a psychological phenomenon called the…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

Nude recreation consists of recreational activities which some people engage in while nude. Historically, the ancient Olympic Games were nude events. Some societies in Africa, Oceania, and South America still engage in everyday public activities—including sports—without wearing clothes, while in most of the world nude activities take place in either private spaces or separate clothing optional areas in public spaces. Occasional events, such as nude bike rides, may occur in public areas where nudity is not otherwise allowed. While nude recreational activities may include sports such as tennis or volleyball, nude sporting activities are usually recreational rather than competitive or organize…

Evidence: — • authority: 72

The historical evolution of the nude in art runs parallel to the history of art in general, except for small particularities derived from the different acceptance of nudity by the various societies and cultures that have succeeded each other in the world over time. The nude is an artistic genre that consists of the representation in various artistic media (painting, sculpture, or, more recently, film and photography) of the naked human body. It is considered one of the academic classifications of works of art. Nudity in art has generally reflected the social standards for aesthetics and morality of the era in which the work was made. Many cultures tolerate nudity in art to a greater extent…

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Japanese Prints and Western Painters

Evidence: — • authority: 80

Corrigendum: Japanese Prints and Western Painters